Brake Lights Not Working: Can You Be Pulled Over?

Yes. In most jurisdictions, driving with one or more inoperative brake lights is an equipment violation that gives police lawful grounds to stop your vehicle. Officers can issue a warning or a citation because traffic codes typically require working stop lamps for safety; the exact requirements—how many must work, whether the center high‑mount stop lamp is mandatory, and the penalty—vary by state or country.

Why This Matters—and What the Law Generally Requires

Brake lights are a core safety feature. Across the United States, vehicle codes typically require at least two red stop lamps visible from a specified distance when the brakes are applied. Passenger cars sold in the U.S. since the mid‑1980s also include a center high‑mount stop lamp (CHMSL). Many states follow the principle that if a lamp was factory‑equipped, it must be maintained in working order. As a result, nonfunctional brake lights—sometimes even just one—can justify a traffic stop.

Illustrative examples include: California’s Vehicle Code 24603 (stop lamps must be maintained in good working order; most vehicles need two, and vehicles equipped with a CHMSL must keep it operational), Texas Transportation Code 547.322 (requires stop lamps, with limited exceptions for certain older vehicles), New York Vehicle & Traffic Law 375 (stop lamps required), and Florida Statutes 316.222 (stop lamps and turn signals required). Wording and exceptions differ, so always check the current statute where you drive.

In the U.S., courts also permit stops for equipment violations even when the officer’s broader motive is investigative, so long as a violation exists (Whren v. United States, 1996). And a stop can still be upheld if the officer made a reasonable mistake about an unclear equipment rule (Heien v. North Carolina, 2014). Practically, if your brake lights aren’t working, expect that you can be pulled over.

What Might Happen If You’re Stopped

Outcomes vary by location and the circumstances of the stop. The following points describe common possibilities drivers experience after being pulled over for faulty brake lights.

• A traffic stop based on probable cause: An inoperative brake light typically provides a clear basis for a stop.
• Warning or “fix‑it” ticket: Many officers issue a correctable citation that you must repair by a deadline; fines may be waived or reduced with proof of repair.
• Citation and fine: Some jurisdictions issue a non‑correctable ticket; fines commonly range from about $25 to $150 plus fees, and points are uncommon but not impossible depending on local law.
• Equipment check roadside: An officer may ask you to press the pedal while they observe which lamps illuminate.
• Additional enforcement: If other violations are observed (e.g., expired registration), you could receive separate citations.
• Inspection or defect notice (outside the U.S.): In places like the U.K. or parts of Canada and the EU, police can issue a repair notice or fine; a vehicle may fail periodic inspections if a stop lamp is out.

If you receive a fix‑it ticket, repair the issue promptly and follow any instructions for verification. Quick compliance often minimizes cost and inconvenience.

How Many Brake Lights Must Work?

Most U.S. states require two functioning stop lamps on modern passenger vehicles. Many also expect the center high‑mount stop lamp to work if the vehicle was built with one. Older or specialty vehicles can have different rules, and some jurisdictions carve out exceptions by model year. Because wording varies (and is sometimes technical), checking your state’s current code—or asking a reputable local mechanic—will give you the most accurate answer for your vehicle and location.

How to Diagnose and Fix the Problem

Drivers can resolve many brake-light failures quickly and affordably. The steps below outline a practical approach from simple checks to common repairs.

1. Confirm the symptom: Use a wall or ask someone to check which lamps illuminate when you press the brake. Verify tail lights (on with headlights) versus brake lights (brighten on pedal press).
2. Check the bulbs: If only one side is out, it’s likely a bulb. Conventional bulbs cost a few dollars; LED assemblies can be more expensive and may require replacing the whole unit.
3. Inspect the fuse(s): If multiple brake lights are out at once, a blown fuse is a common culprit. Your owner’s manual lists the location.
4. Test the brake‑pedal switch: When all brake lights fail at once, a faulty brake‑light switch on the pedal is a frequent cause. The part is typically inexpensive; replacement labor varies.
5. Examine sockets and wiring: Look for corrosion, loose connectors, or damage—especially if the vehicle has been exposed to moisture.
6. Check the CHMSL separately: Some vehicles power the center brake light through a different circuit or bulb/LED array.
7. Consider trailer wiring: Faulty trailer connectors can short or disable brake light circuits; unplug and retest.
8. Replace with correct parts: Match bulb type (e.g., 7443, 1157) or the correct LED assembly. For vehicles with bulb-out monitoring, use compatible parts to avoid dash warnings.
9. Verify and document the fix: After repair, confirm operation and keep the receipt; proof can help resolve a fix‑it ticket.

Costs vary: standard bulbs often run $3–$15 each; fuses a few dollars; a brake‑light switch roughly $10–$60 for the part and $75–$200 installed; LED taillight assemblies can range from tens to several hundred dollars depending on the vehicle.

Tips to Avoid a Stop

A few preventive habits can keep you compliant and visible to drivers behind you.

• Do a monthly light check or use your phone’s camera against a reflective surface to verify illumination.
• Keep spare bulbs (if your car uses conventional bulbs) and a basic tool kit in the vehicle.
• Address “lamp out” dashboard warnings promptly; they can indicate early failure or wiring issues.
• Maintain trailer wiring and use quality, weather‑sealed connectors.
• After any bodywork or collision repair, recheck lighting—connectors can be left loose.

Consistent maintenance reduces your risk of being pulled over and improves safety for you and others on the road.

Insurance, Safety, and Liability Considerations

Nonfunctional brake lights increase rear‑end collision risk. If a crash occurs, an equipment defect can factor into fault assessments, potentially increasing your share of liability. While insurers generally cover collisions per your policy, repeated equipment violations or at‑fault crashes can affect premiums. Fixing the issue promptly is both the safest and most cost‑effective course.

Outside the United States

Rules in Canada, the U.K., and the EU similarly require functioning stop lamps. Police may issue defect notices or fines, and vehicles can fail periodic inspections (such as MOT in the U.K.) for inoperative brake lights. As always, consult local regulations for precise requirements and penalties.

Summary

Police can pull you over for nonworking brake lights in most places, and you could receive a warning or citation. Most jurisdictions require at least two functional stop lamps, and many expect the third (center) lamp to work if equipped. The fix is usually straightforward—often a bulb, fuse, or brake‑pedal switch—and quick repairs can minimize fines and enhance safety. Checking your local laws and maintaining your lighting will keep you compliant and visible on the road.

How much is a ticket for your brake light being out?

All modern motor vehicles are originally equipped with 2 tail lamps, and therefore must be operational during times of darkness and limited visibility. It is against the law to operate a vehicle contrary to this statute. The penalty for this offense is a fine ranging between $10.00 and $200.00.

Can I get pulled over if my brake light is out?

Yes, police can legally pull you over and issue a ticket for having a broken tail light. The wording on the citation will be either “no tail light” or “broken tail light.” You’re lucky the police officer just issued a warning.

Are you allowed to drive even if your brake lights do not work?

In addition to the safety risks, driving without properly functioning brake lights is illegal. To comply with roadworthy laws, all brake lights on your vehicle must work correctly at all times. Given the vital role brake lights play in road safety, it’s essential to ensure they’re always in good working condition.

Can I drive with my brake light out?

No, you cannot legally or safely drive with a brake light out because it is a defective vehicle condition that can lead to a ticket or fine and is extremely dangerous, as it prevents other drivers from knowing when you are braking or slowing down. You should replace the bulb or get the light fixed as soon as possible to ensure your safety and avoid legal trouble. 
Legality

• Illegal: Driving with a non-functioning brake light is a violation of traffic laws in most places, including California, where all vehicle lighting equipment must be in good working order. 
• “Fix-it” ticket: While you might receive a “fix-it” ticket, which can be dismissed after you prove the light is repaired, you could also face a fine or points on your license. 

Safety Risks 

• Impaired Communication: Opens in new tabBrake lights are crucial for communicating with drivers behind you, letting them know when you’re slowing down or stopping.
• Increased Accident Risk: Opens in new tabA broken brake light increases the risk of a rear-end collision because other drivers won’t have adequate warning of your actions, especially at night or in bad weather.

What to Do

• Replace the Bulb: Replace the burnt-out bulb immediately. 
• Get It Fixed: If you can’t fix it yourself, get the light repaired by a professional. 
• Carry Proof: Keep a receipt or other documentation to show the police that you’ve fixed the defect if you receive a notice.