What “2.4 L 4‑cylinder” Means in a Car

It denotes an internal‑combustion engine with a total displacement of roughly 2.4 liters spread across four cylinders—typically an inline‑four. In practical terms, that’s about 2,400 cubic centimeters (cc) or 146.5 cubic inches of swept volume; it signals engine size and layout, not a specific horsepower or fuel‑economy figure. The label is common in midsize cars and crossovers and can describe both naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines.

Breaking down the terms

Automakers and reviewers use “2.4 L 4‑cylinder” as a shorthand. Here’s what each part actually conveys and what it implies mechanically.

• 2.4 liters (L): The total “displacement,” or the volume displaced by all pistons as they move from bottom dead center to top dead center. 2.4 L ≈ 2,400 cc ≈ 146.5 cu in. This is not oil or coolant capacity.
• 4‑cylinder: The engine has four combustion chambers/pistons. Most are arranged as an inline‑four (I4); a few brands (notably Subaru) use a horizontally opposed “flat‑4.”
• Per‑cylinder size: 2.4 L divided by four cylinders equals about 0.6 L (600 cc) per cylinder, a useful clue to piston size and potential torque characteristics.
• Label variations: You may see “2.4L I4,” “2.4 Turbo,” or “2.4 Hybrid.” The base displacement stays the same even if turbocharging or electrification changes output and efficiency.

Together, these details describe the engine’s physical size class and cylinder count; they don’t guarantee how powerful, efficient, or refined the engine will be in a specific vehicle.

How displacement is calculated

Displacement is a geometric measurement derived from each cylinder’s bore (diameter) and stroke (piston travel), multiplied by the number of cylinders. Engineers use standardized steps to determine the figure reported on spec sheets.

1. Measure bore and stroke for one cylinder, typically in millimeters.
2. Compute the single‑cylinder volume using the cylinder formula (area of the bore circle × stroke).
3. Multiply that volume by the number of cylinders (four) to get total displacement.
4. Convert cubic millimeters to cubic centimeters (cc) and then to liters (1,000 cc = 1.0 L); manufacturers may round, so a “2.4 L” can be, for example, 2,387–2,490 cc.

This standardized approach explains minor rounding differences you may see across brochures and regulatory filings.

What it tells you—and what it doesn’t

Knowing an engine is a “2.4 L 4‑cylinder” offers useful context, but it leaves out several performance‑critical details.

• It tells you: Engine size class, typical packaging (compact, transverse‑friendly), likely use cases (midsize sedans/crossovers), and that it’s usually lighter and simpler than larger multi‑cylinder engines.
• It doesn’t tell you: Horsepower or torque, whether it’s turbocharged or naturally aspirated, the fuel type required (regular vs premium), fuel economy, emissions rating, or towing capacity.

To understand real‑world performance, you still need figures for horsepower, torque, forced induction, compression ratio, and the vehicle’s gearing and weight.

Performance and ownership implications

Engine displacement and cylinder count influence drivability, refinement, and running costs. Here’s how a modern 2.4‑liter four typically fits in.

• Power and torque: Naturally aspirated 2.4 L fours often make roughly 150–190 hp; turbocharged versions commonly span 230–325+ hp with strong midrange torque (about 250–320 lb‑ft).
• Throttle feel: Larger displacement per cylinder (about 600 cc) can yield decent low‑rpm response; turbocharged variants add stronger surge from low to mid revs.
• Refinement (NVH): Inline‑fours can exhibit secondary vibration; most modern 2.4s use balance shafts and active engine mounts for smoothness.
• Efficiency: Displacement alone doesn’t determine mpg. Turbocharging, direct injection, variable valve timing, Miller/Atkinson cycles, gearing, and vehicle aerodynamics matter more.
• Maintenance: Four‑cylinders are generally simpler and cheaper to maintain than larger multi‑cylinder engines; turbos add components (intercoolers, wastegates) and sometimes premium‑fuel recommendations.
• Towing and payload: A 2.4T can rival older V6s for torque, supporting moderate towing in crossovers and midsize trucks, but ratings depend on cooling, chassis, and transmission.

In short, a 2.4 L four can be economical and compact in daily use, and in turbocharged form it can deliver robust performance without the weight of a bigger engine.

Real‑world examples (2023–2025)

Several current and recent vehicles illustrate how the same 2.4‑liter size can produce very different outcomes depending on design and tuning.

• Toyota 2.4L turbo (T24A‑FTS): Powers models like the Highlander (about 265 hp, 310 lb‑ft) and Lexus NX 350 (about 275 hp, 317 lb‑ft); the 2024–2025 Tacoma uses a 2.4T with outputs varying by trim (roughly 228–278 hp and 243–317 lb‑ft), and a hybrid version pairs the same 2.4L with an e‑motor for higher combined output.
• Subaru 2.4L turbo (FA24): In the Ascent, Outback XT, and Legacy XT it produces roughly 260 hp and 277 lb‑ft; in the WRX it’s tuned to around 271 hp and 258 lb‑ft. Layout is a flat‑4 rather than inline‑4.
• Honda 2.4L (K24 series, naturally aspirated): Common in 2000s–2010s Accords, CR‑Vs, and Civics, typically 160–205 hp depending on tune. Largely discontinued in North America in favor of smaller turbos and hybrids.
• Stellantis 2.4L “Tigershark”: Used in Jeep Compass/Cherokee and others (about 177–184 hp). Phased out in many models by 2023 in favor of 2.0L turbos; earlier units drew attention for oil‑consumption issues.
• General Motors 2.4L Ecotec: Found in past Chevy/GMC/Buick models; some versions paired with “eAssist” mild hybrid systems for improved efficiency. Now superseded by newer turbo and hybrid powertrains.

These examples show how the same displacement spans a wide range of power, torque, and character depending on aspiration, cycle, and calibration.

Common misconceptions

The shorthand can be confusing. These clarifications address frequent misunderstandings.

• It’s not fluid capacity: 2.4 L refers to the swept volume inside the cylinders, not how much oil the engine holds.
• Four cylinders doesn’t mean “slow”: Modern 2.4L turbos can equal or beat older V6s on torque and real‑world pace.
• Bigger isn’t always thirstier: Vehicle weight, gearing, and turbo strategy often outweigh displacement when it comes to mpg.
• Layout can vary: While most 2.4s are inline‑fours, some are flat‑fours; the label doesn’t specify the exact arrangement.

Understanding these points helps you read spec sheets accurately and set realistic expectations for performance and efficiency.

Summary

“2.4 L 4‑cylinder” identifies an engine with about 2,400 cc of displacement across four cylinders—usually an inline‑four—signaling size and configuration rather than guaranteed power or efficiency. Outputs vary widely by design: naturally aspirated versions often make 150–190 hp, while turbocharged versions can exceed 300 hp and deliver strong torque. To gauge how a specific 2.4L four will drive, check the full spec sheet—horsepower, torque, turbocharging, fuel requirements, and the vehicle’s weight and gearing matter as much as the displacement itself.

What is the difference between 2.4 L and 3.0 L?

3.0 has a higher compression ratio than the 2.4L. 3.0 piston can travel further into the cylinder, thereby injecting more air than the 2.4. More air-mix with fuel more velocity.

Is a 2.4 L 4-cylinder engine good?

A 2.4L 4-cylinder engine can be a good choice, offering excellent fuel efficiency and reliability, especially in naturally aspirated (non-turbocharged) forms, though performance may be limited for heavy-duty applications. Turbocharged versions, like the new Toyota 2.4L I-Force Turbo, provide significantly more power and torque for larger vehicles while maintaining good fuel economy, though they may put more stress on the engine and require more complex maintenance. 
Pros of a 2.4L 4-Cylinder Engine

• Fuel Efficiency: These engines are generally more fuel-efficient than larger engines, making them a good choice for daily commuters and general use. 
• Reliability: Many 2.4L 4-cylinder engines are known for their durability and reliability, with some being considered “grenade proof” due to their robust design. 
• Compact and Lightweight: Their smaller size and lighter weight can contribute to better overall vehicle handling and efficiency. 
• Good for Smaller Vehicles: The combination of efficiency and adequate power makes them suitable for many passenger cars and smaller SUVs. 

Cons of a 2.4L 4-Cylinder Engine

• Limited Power (Naturally Aspirated): A non-turbocharged 2.4L engine may feel underpowered, especially in larger or heavier vehicles like trucks or during hard acceleration. 
• Turbocharged Stress: Turbocharged 2.4L engines, while powerful, can experience more stress during hard acceleration and may have a potentially shorter lifespan compared to simpler, non-turbocharged designs. 
• Potential for Complexity: Modern turbocharged engines with direct injection and other advanced features can be more complex to maintain. 

When a 2.4L 4-Cylinder is a Good Choice 

• For Fuel Economy: If your priority is maximizing miles per gallon, a 2.4L 4-cylinder engine, especially in its non-turbo form, is a strong contender. 
• For Reliability: For long-term dependability and a less complicated ownership experience, a well-regarded 2.4L engine can be an excellent investment. 
• For Everyday Driving: For typical driving in a smaller car or crossover, a 2.4L engine offers a balanced blend of performance and efficiency. 

Is a 2.4 liter engine a V6?

No, a 2.4 liter engine is not necessarily a V6; “2.4L” refers to the engine’s displacement (the total volume of air it pumps), while the “V6” indicates a specific cylinder arrangement in a “V” shape. A 2.4-liter engine can have a different number of cylinders, and is often a 4-cylinder engine, though it can also be a 5-cylinder or even a V6. 
What the numbers mean

• Displacement (2.4L): Opens in new tabThis measures the total volume of air that all the cylinders in an engine can move during one full cycle of the crankshaft. It doesn’t directly tell you the number of cylinders or their arrangement. 
• Cylinder Arrangement (V6): Opens in new tabThis describes the shape of the engine and the placement of the cylinders. A V6 has two banks of three cylinders each, arranged in a V-shape. 

Why a 2.4L isn’t always a V6

• Common Configurations: Many modern 2.4-liter engines are 4-cylinder (inline-4) engines, as this configuration offers a good balance of efficiency and power. 
• Manufacturer Examples: For instance, the Honda K24A is a 2.4L inline-4 engine, and Toyota offers a 2.4L turbo four-cylinder engine. 
• Other Possibilities: While less common, a 2.4-liter engine can also be a 5-cylinder, like the Volvo B524, or a V6, such as the Audi BDV engine. 

What does 2.5 L 4-cylinder engine mean?

The 2.5 liters is the volume available for combustion. Power is roughly correlated with how much fuel you can burn, so an engine with a bigger displacement (more volume) traditionally has more power. Bigger doesn’t always mean better because other factors can affect power, like compression.