What Transmission Fluid Does BMW Recommend?

BMW generally recommends using its own branded, specification-approved automatic transmission fluids (ATF) and manual gearbox oils—such as BMW ATF 3+, ATF 6, ATF 8, and MTF LT-series oils—matched precisely to the transmission type and model year; in practice, the correct fluid is determined by BMW spec codes on the transmission and in the vehicle’s service information, not by a single “one-size-fits-all” product.

Why There Is No Single “BMW Transmission Fluid”

BMW does not have one universal transmission fluid for all models. Instead, it specifies different fluids depending on:

The following points outline the main reasons BMW uses several transmission fluid types rather than one universal product.

• Transmission manufacturer (e.g., ZF, Aisin, Getrag, Graziano, Tremec)
• Transmission type (traditional automatic, dual-clutch, manual, CVT in Minis, etc.)
• Number of gears (6-speed, 8-speed, 7-speed DCT, etc.)
• Generation/model year (older 5‑speed vs newer 8‑speed, for example)
• BMW internal spec code (e.g., “BMW ATF 2”, “Shell M‑1375.4”, “ZF Lifeguard 8” equivalents)

Because of these variations, BMW’s official recommendation is always to use a fluid that explicitly meets the BMW or ZF/Aisin specification listed in the owner’s manual or under-hood labeling, rather than choosing a fluid by brand name alone.

Key BMW Automatic Transmission Fluid Types

BMW’s automatic gearboxes are predominantly supplied by ZF and Aisin, and each family uses distinct ATF formulations that correspond to internal BMW or ZF specs.

Older 5‑Speed and Early 6‑Speed Automatics

Many BMWs built from the late 1990s through the mid‑2000s use ZF 5‑speed and early 6‑speed automatics that require specific, older-generation ATFs.

The following fluids or specifications are commonly associated with these transmissions.

• ZF 5HP series (e.g., 5HP19, 5HP24): Typically require fluid meeting Esso LT 71141 specification, sometimes relabeled under BMW part numbers.
• ZF 6HP (early versions): Use fluid conforming to Shell M‑1375.4, often branded as ZF Lifeguard 6 or a BMW-labeled equivalent.
• Pan sticker color (on some older models): Green, black, or other colors originally indicated specific fluids, but the safest reference is the BMW TIS (Technical Information System) or manual rather than sticker color alone.

For these earlier transmissions, the exact spec (e.g., LT 71141, M‑1375.4) is more important than the brand name; BMW-approved fluid meeting the original spec remains the recommended choice.

Modern 6‑Speed and 8‑Speed ZF Automatics

From around the late 2000s onward, BMW widely adopted 6‑speed and especially 8‑speed ZF automatics (6HP and 8HP families) across the 3 Series, 5 Series, X models, and M Performance variants.

The following specifications cover most late-model BMW ZF automatic transmissions.

• ZF 6HP (later revisions): Still predominantly use fluids meeting the Shell M‑1375.4 / ZF Lifeguard 6 specification, or BMW ATF matching this spec.
• ZF 8HP (8‑speed automatics): Require ATF conforming to ZF Lifeguard 8 specification; BMW typically supplies this as a branded fluid under its own part numbers.
• High‑output variants (M Performance/M models): Generally still use ZF‑spec fluids (Lifeguard 8), but always verify by transmission code in official documentation due to occasional calibration or hardware differences.

On modern ZF autos, BMW’s recommendation effectively means “use a BMW-branded ATF that meets ZF Lifeguard 6 or 8 specs, as listed for your VIN,” even if the product label simply says BMW ATF with a part number.

Aisin Automatic Transmissions (Including Some 4‑Cylinder and xDrive Models)

Some BMWs—particularly certain 4‑cylinder models, smaller platforms, and specific xDrive configurations—use Aisin automatic transmissions instead of ZF.

The following points summarize what typically applies to Aisin-equipped BMWs.

• Mini and some smaller BMW models: Use Aisin autos requiring AW‑1 or similar Aisin-spec ATF, again rebranded under BMW part numbers.
• Fluid spec is Aisin-specific: These transmissions are not designed for ZF Lifeguard fluids; using the wrong ATF can cause shifting issues or damage.
• BMW guidance: Always follow the exact ATF specification listed in the manual or dealer system, which will reference an Aisin-approved fluid equivalent, not a ZF one.

For Aisin units, BMW’s recommendation centers on Aisin-compatible ATFs, and cross‑compatibility with ZF fluids should not be assumed.

Dual‑Clutch Transmission (DCT) Fluids

BMW’s dual‑clutch transmissions—used in various M models such as older M3, M4, and certain performance variants—require specialized DCT fluid distinct from conventional ATF.

BMW M DCT (e.g., Getrag 7‑Speed DKG)

The high-performance, wet-clutch DCTs found in models like the E9x M3 and F8x M3/M4 use a proprietary fluid specification.

The following summarizes how BMW specifies fluid for these dual‑clutch systems.

• Special DCT fluid: BMW specifies a dedicated DCT fluid (often sourced from Pentosin or Shell) that is not the same as standard ATF.
• BMW part number driven: Service information typically refers to a BMW-branded DCT fluid identified by a part number rather than a public spec like “Lifeguard 8.”
• No universal substitutes: Aftermarket DCT fluids must explicitly state BMW DCT compatibility; generic ATF or “multi-vehicle” fluids are not recommended.

For BMW DCT units, the official recommendation is narrow: use the BMW-labeled DCT fluid specified for that gearbox, or a fully approved equivalent identified by an expert supplier.

Manual Transmission Fluids (MTF)

BMW manual gearboxes also use specific lubricants rather than generic gear oil; these products are typically labeled as “MTF” (manual transmission fluid) or “gearbox oil,” not standard ATF.

BMW MTF LT Series

For many modern BMW manuals, BMW specifies long-life transmission fluids under the “MTF LT” family.

The following are the main BMW MTF LT fluid types often encountered.

• MTF‑LT‑1 / MTF‑LT‑2: Earlier long-life fluids used in many 1990s–2000s manual transmissions.
• MTF‑LT‑3 / MTF‑LT‑4: Later-generation low-viscosity manual fluids introduced for smoother shifting and efficiency in newer models.
• “Lifetime” concept: Often labeled as “lifetime fill,” though BMW dealers may still recommend replacement at high mileage or under harsh operating conditions.

BMW’s guidance for manuals is to match the exact MTF LT designation listed for the transmission; using incorrect viscosity or additive packages can result in notchy shifting or accelerated wear.

High-Performance and Motorsport Manuals

Certain M models and motorsport-oriented gearboxes may use more specialized manual transmission oils.

The following considerations apply to these performance manual transmissions.

• Different oils from standard BMW manuals: High-torque gearboxes may require heavier-duty GL‑4 or GL‑5 rated gear oils compatible with BMW specs.
• Track use: BMW and motorsport teams sometimes deviate from “lifetime” fluids and recommend more frequent changes with high‑temperature-stable oils.
• Always check model-specific guidance: The correct fluid type can differ even between two M models of similar vintage.

Because of the higher stresses and specialized designs, BMW’s official recommendation for performance manual gearboxes is even more tightly linked to model-specific technical documentation.

Differential vs. Transmission Fluid

Owners sometimes confuse transmission fluid with differential or transfer case oils, all of which have separate specifications.

The points below clarify the distinction to avoid misapplication.

• Automatic/Manual transmission fluid: Specifically for the gearbox that changes gears.
• Differential oil: Separate gear oil (GL‑5 etc.), often thicker, sometimes with limited-slip additives, not interchangeable with ATF or MTF.
• Transfer case fluid (xDrive): Uses its own BMW-specific fluid, again distinct from both ATF and differential oil.

BMW’s recommendations clearly separate these fluids; the correct product for the transmission will not be the same as that for the differential or transfer case, even if they are serviced at the same time.

“Lifetime Fill” vs. Maintenance Reality

BMW often labels its transmissions as “lifetime fill,” leading some owners to believe fluid changes are unnecessary.

The following points capture how BMW’s official stance and real-world practice typically diverge.

• Official messaging: Many BMW documents describe transmission and differential fluids as “lifetime,” meaning no scheduled change interval for normal use.
• Dealer and specialist practice: Many dealers and independent BMW specialists recommend fluid changes around 60,000–100,000 miles (≈100,000–160,000 km), particularly for automatics and DCTs.
• ZF’s own recommendations: ZF, which builds many BMW transmissions, publicly recommends ATF changes roughly every 60,000–80,000 km (≈37,000–50,000 miles) under typical conditions.

In practice, while BMW’s official marketing uses the term “lifetime,” the technical consensus—especially from transmission manufacturers themselves—is that using the correct, spec-approved fluid and changing it periodically improves reliability and longevity.

How to Determine the Correct BMW-Recommended Fluid for Your Car

Because there is no single universal BMW transmission fluid, the safest approach is to look up the fluid by VIN and transmission code rather than guessing or relying on generic labels.

The following steps outline a reliable way to identify the correct, BMW-recommended fluid for a specific vehicle.

1. Check the owner’s manual: Look for sections on automatic or manual transmission fluid; some manuals list the exact specification or BMW part number.
2. Use BMW’s online parts catalog or ETK: Tools like RealOEM or official BMW parts catalogs allow you to enter the VIN and see the precise fluid part number.
3. Read the transmission ID plate: ZF or Aisin units usually have a tag with the model code (e.g., 8HP45, 6HP19); cross-reference this with ZF or BMW documentation.
4. Consult BMW TIS or a dealer: BMW’s Technical Information System or a dealer service department can provide the current recommended fluid spec for your exact transmission.
5. If using aftermarket fluid: Only choose products that explicitly state compliance with the BMW or ZF/Aisin spec listed for your transmission (e.g., “Meets ZF Lifeguard 8 / BMW 8322… part number”).

By following this identification process, you align with BMW’s official recommendations and reduce the risk of incorrect fluid choice, which can be far more costly than the fluid itself.

BMW Branding vs. Underlying Specifications

There is often confusion between the BMW brand name on a fluid bottle and the underlying industry specification that truly matters.

The following points explain how to interpret BMW-branded fluids.

• BMW-labeled ATF/MTF: Frequently produced by major oil companies (Shell, Castrol, Pentosin, etc.) under BMW’s specification and part number.
• Specification over brand: The critical factor is that the fluid meets the BMW or ZF/Aisin specification for your transmission, regardless of whether the bottle says BMW or a third-party brand.
• Genuine vs. approved equivalent: For warranty or risk-averse owners, genuine BMW fluid is safest; experienced owners may use fully approved equivalents from reputable brands that list the correct BMW spec.

Understanding that BMW’s recommendation is specification-based helps owners choose suitable fluids even when genuine BMW-labeled products are unavailable, as long as the spec match is exact.

Summary

BMW does not recommend one universal transmission fluid for all its vehicles; instead, it specifies different ATFs and manual transmission oils by transmission type, manufacturer, and generation. Common examples include fluids meeting Esso LT 71141, Shell M‑1375.4 / ZF Lifeguard 6, ZF Lifeguard 8 for many automatics, specialized BMW DCT fluids for dual‑clutch gearboxes, and MTF‑LT series oils for manual transmissions. For any individual car, BMW’s official recommendation is to use a BMW-branded or fully approved equivalent fluid that matches the exact specification and part number listed in the owner’s manual, technical documentation, or parts catalog for that transmission.

Does BMW recommend transmission fluid change?

Yes, while BMW may market some transmissions as “lifetime,” experts and transmission manufacturers like ZF recommend changing the transmission fluid, often at intervals of 60,000 to 100,000 miles, to prolong the life of the transmission. The original “lifetime” claim is often based on a vehicle’s typical leasing period, and regular changes are crucial for long-term durability. 
BMW’s stance

• BMW’s official maintenance schedule often lists some transmission fluids as “lifetime,” especially for newer models. 
• This “lifetime” is often tied to the expected lifespan of the original owner or a leasing period, typically under 100,000 miles. 

Transmission manufacturer’s recommendation

• ZF, the company that manufactures many of BMW’s transmissions, recommends a service interval for its automatic transmissions, often cited as around 60,000 to 100,000 kilometers (roughly 40,000 to 60,000 miles). 

Importance of changing the fluid

• Lubrication: The fluid lubricates moving parts, reducing friction and heat. Over time, it can break down, leading to wear. 
• Contamination: As the transmission ages, metal fragments from wear can contaminate the fluid, leading to more serious damage. 
• Cooling: The fluid also helps cool the transmission, and degraded fluid is less effective at this. 

When to change

• Check your owner’s manual: This is the most important step for your specific model. 
• General interval: A common recommendation is every 60,000 to 100,000 miles, but this can vary by model and driving habits. 
• M models: Some performance models, especially M cars, may have a shorter recommended interval. 
• Signs of trouble: If you notice any of the following, you should have your transmission serviced, which includes checking the fluid: 
  • Check Engine or Check Transmission light 
  • Leaking fluid
  • Rough or shuddering shifts 
  • Delay in engagement
  • Engine RPMs not matching the shift points

What to do

• Change the fluid and filter: It is recommended to change both the fluid and the filter. Many modern BMW transmissions have a pan with a built-in filter that must be replaced. 
• Use the correct fluid: Always use the fluid specified by either BMW or the transmission manufacturer. 
• Consider a professional: Due to the specialized tools and knowledge required to correctly check and fill some transmissions, it may be best to have a professional do the job. 

Is Valvoline ATF good for BMW?

Valvoline MaxLife ATF also meets the BMW/ZF specifications. Lots of people run it (including me), and it works great, is easy to find, and it’s not crazy expensive. Also… I would check on the Amsoil, Redline, and Royal Purple…

What type of transmission fluid goes in a BMW?

ATF Dexron III is the fluid standard for 4-speed BMW automatics (ZF 4HP). This is also the most common ATF you will find at auto parts stores (it’s compatible with most GM and Ford auto transmissions).

What kind of transmission fluid does a BMW 328i take?

The correct BMW 328i transmission fluid type depends on the specific model year and transmission, but most modern models use a Dexron VI full synthetic automatic transmission fluid (ATF) like Shell M-1375.4 or its equivalent. Older models may use Dexron III/Mercon for 4-speed automatics or Texaco ETL 8072B/Esso LT 71141 for others. Always check your owner’s manual for the precise specification, especially for models with a Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT), which requires a specific fluid like Pentosin FFL-4. 
Common transmission fluid types by model generation 
This video demonstrates how to replace transmission fluid on a BMW E90 model with a GM transmission: 41sIzzyE9XYouTube · Aug 29, 2023

• E36 (1996-1999): Dexron III/Mercon 
• E46 (1999-2006): Texaco ETL 8072B or Esso LT 71141 
• E90/E91/E92/E93 (2007-2013): Shell M-1375.4 or BMW ATF 83 22 0 397 114 
• F30 (2012-2016): Shell M-1375.4 or BMW ATF 83 22 2 152 426 
• G20 (2019+): BMW ATF 83222295532 (for ZF 8HP transmissions) 
• Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT): Pentosin FFL-4 

You can watch this video to see how to change the transmission fluid in a BMW E90 with a ZF transmission: 58sWill’s DIYYouTube · Oct 19, 2024
Important considerations

• Check your manual: The information above is a general guide; always consult your owner’s manual or check the vehicle’s transmission label for the exact fluid required for your specific vehicle. 
• Full synthetic is often required: Most modern 328i models require a full synthetic automatic transmission fluid for optimal performance. 
• Avoid mixing: Do not mix different types of transmission fluids unless the product explicitly states it is compatible with other fluids and your vehicle’s requirements. 
• Use the correct part number: When in doubt, use the BMW-approved part number to ensure compatibility.