Which car year to avoid

There isn’t a single “worst year” for all cars, but many experts advise extra caution with vehicles built during the pandemic-disrupted years of 2020–2022 and with the first model year after a major redesign. The most reliable choice often depends on the specific model and powertrain, not just the calendar year.

Why there isn’t a universal “bad year”

Automakers introduce new platforms, engines and software on staggered timelines, and each brand’s quality curve looks different. Independent reliability studies repeatedly show that problems cluster around new or heavily redesigned models, complex new technology, and specific engines or transmissions—rather than a single bad year for the entire industry.

That said, quality data from 2020 through 2022 showed elevated complaint rates across many brands, reflecting supply-chain strain, semiconductor shortages and stopgap substitutions. More recent reports indicate stabilization, but first-model-year bugs and tech-related glitches (especially with advanced infotainment and driver-assistance systems) still drive a large share of issues.

Years and patterns that deserve extra caution

The following patterns are consistently linked to higher problem rates across brands. Use them as a filter when narrowing your search.

• Pandemic-era builds (roughly 2020–2022): Supply-chain disruption and chip shortages led to parts substitutions, feature deletions and inconsistent quality control. Some models from this window have more software, electronics and fit-and-finish complaints.
• First model year after a full redesign: Early production runs often face teething issues. Reliability tends to improve in the second or third model year of a generation after fixes and running changes.
• Debut powertrains and transmissions: New small-displacement turbo engines, early multi-speed automatics (8-, 9- or 10-speed), some first-wave CVTs and dual-clutch units have seen above-average problems in their initial years.
• Rapidly evolving infotainment/ADAS years: Early software builds for large touchscreens, connected services and driver-assistance suites are frequent sources of complaints and updates.
• Early production for brand-new EVs: First-year electric models (especially from startups or first-time EV entries) often see initial quality and software issues that improve after updates.

These aren’t automatic dealbreakers, but they signal the need for thorough research on specific models and for confirming that all software updates, recalls and service campaigns have been completed.

Frequently cited model-year trouble spots by brand or system

Below are widely reported examples where particular model years or components have drawn consistent scrutiny. Always verify by model, VIN and service history, since running fixes and recalls can mitigate many issues.

• Hyundai/Kia (Theta II 2.0/2.4 GDI engines, ~2011–2014 and some later): Engine bearing wear and potential failure led to major recalls and extended warranties on sedans and crossovers like Sonata, Optima and Santa Fe Sport.
• Nissan (CVT reliability, late 2000s to mid-2010s, model dependent): Numerous complaints and extended warranties on CVT-equipped models such as Altima, Sentra and Rogue in those years; later calibrations improved in many cases.
• Ford (PowerShift DPS6 dual-clutch, 2012–2016 Focus/Fiesta): Shuddering and premature wear; many vehicles covered by service actions or settlements. Also scrutinize early 2013 Escape/2013 Fusion 1.6L EcoBoost recall history.
• GM trucks/SUVs (5.3L V8 with AFM/DOD, 2007–2014): Reports of oil consumption and lifter issues; first-year 2014 Silverado/Sierra also saw launch-year glitches that were reduced in later updates.
• Volkswagen/Audi (EA888 Gen 2 2.0 TSI, ~2008–2012/13): Oil consumption and timing chain tensioner concerns in certain models; verify updated parts and service records.
• Subaru (older head-gasket issues, ~1996–2004 2.5L; later oil consumption, ~2011–2015 in some models): Many examples have been repaired; check documentation. Early CVT units also had extended coverage in some cases.
• Toyota (2AZ-FE oil consumption, ~2007–2011 Camry, RAV4, Scion tC/xB): Covered by customer support programs for many vehicles; confirm completed repairs.
• Honda/Acura (automatic transmission failures, ~1999–2004 V6 models): Early-2000s 5-speed automatics had known failure patterns; many units have since been rebuilt or replaced—verify history.
• Jeep/Chrysler (ZF 9-speed 9HP early calibration, ~2014–2016 Cherokee/Renegade): Rough shifting and software updates were common; ensure the latest TCM updates and any hardware fixes.
• BMW (N20 2.0 turbo timing-chain issues, ~2012–2015 3/5/X3 and others): Updates and repairs exist; a thorough inspection and service records are essential.
• Tesla and first-year EVs (various models, 2018–2022 depending on model): Early production often had build-quality or software niggles; frequent over-the-air updates help, but inspect panel fit, suspension wear and battery/thermal system service history.

These examples illustrate why “which year to avoid” depends on the specific model and component. A well-maintained vehicle with documented fixes can be a safer bet than a newer car with unresolved issues.

How to choose a safer model year

Focusing on process—not just the calendar year—reduces risk. The following steps help you target more reliable candidates and verify condition before you buy.

1. Favor late-cycle years: Choose the second or third year after a redesign, when early bugs are typically resolved.
2. Pick proven powertrains: Seek engines and transmissions with several years of solid reliability behind them.
3. Check model-specific reliability: Consult multiple sources (e.g., Consumer Reports, owner forums, technical service bulletins) for the exact model and year.
4. Run the VIN: Review recall status, service campaigns and accident history; confirm all recall work is completed.
5. Get a pre-purchase inspection (PPI): A trusted independent mechanic can spot looming issues that year-based advice can’t.
6. Review maintenance records: Regular oil changes, fluid services and documented repairs matter more than odometer alone.
7. Test all tech: Thoroughly exercise infotainment, driver-assistance features and charging/thermal systems on EVs.
8. Consider CPO with warranty: Certified pre-owned programs can add coverage, especially valuable for complex powertrains.

This approach surfaces red flags early and helps you prioritize vehicles with both stronger track records and solid maintenance histories.

Summary

There isn’t one car year everyone should avoid. Instead, apply extra caution to 2020–2022 builds, first-year redesigns and models debuting new engines, transmissions or complex tech. Research model-specific histories—such as Hyundai/Kia Theta II engines, Ford’s PowerShift, GM AFM V8s, VW/Audi early TSI issues, Nissan CVTs, older Subaru head gaskets and Toyota 2AZ-FE oil consumption—and verify repairs and updates by VIN. Ultimately, a late-cycle model with a known-good powertrain, complete service records and a clean pre-purchase inspection will usually be a safer buy than relying on the calendar year alone.

What is the 20% rule when buying a car?

The main goal is to determine the down payment, monthly car payments time frames, and transportation costs to optimize them. The rule recommends making a 20% down payment on the car, taking four years to return the money to the lender, and keeping transportation costs at no more than 10% of your monthly income.

What’s the best year to buy a used car?

2-3 Years Old: Cars that are 2 to 3 years old tend to be the sweet spot. They have already depreciated significantly (usually around 20-30% of their initial value) but still have many of the benefits of newer models, including modern features, technology, and warranties.

What is the oldest year car I should buy?

A car that is more than 10 years old may lack modern safety features such as adaptive cruise control, lane-keeping assist, or advanced airbag systems, which are becoming standard on newer models. If safety and technology are priorities for you, then a vehicle older than a decade might not meet your needs.

Which year is the second hand car best?

Cars older than 5 years may lack the latest safety and infotainment technologies. In summary, a second-hand car that is 3 to 5 years old is often a good option, but always prioritize the vehicle’s condition and history over its age.